Nudiviruses are a group of large nuclear circular double-stranded DNA viruses in arthropods. They were formerly described as non-occluded baculoviruses, unlike most baculoviruses, they are generally not occluded by occlusion bodies. Nudiviruses are now classified into a new family Nudiviridae comprising two recognized genera, Alphanudivirus and Betanudivirus. The broad diversity of nudivirus life cycles makes them an ideal model for studying virus evolution and viral persistence. Here, we summarize current knowledge on nudiviruses, including their classification, life cycle, and gene regulation.